Queen victoria biography wikipedia english

Mark Antony. Julius Caesar. Napoleon Bonaparte. Queen Elizabeth II. Marcus Aurelius. Pontius Pilate. Maria Theresa. Alexander the Great. Menelik II. Nicholas II. Kaiser Wilhelm. Ascension to the Throne At birth, Victoria was fifth in line to the throne. Reign Victoria ascended to the throne at age 18 on June 20,and she served until her death at the age of 81 on January 22, Watch Next.

Advertisement - Continue Reading Below. She agreed to visit the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington and take a drive through London in an open carriage. Through the s, Victoria relied increasingly on a manservant from Scotland, John Brown. Palmerston died inand after a brief ministry led by Russell, Derby returned to power. Victoria found Gladstone's demeanour far less appealing; he spoke to her, she is thought to have complained, as though she were "a public meeting rather than a woman".

In republican sentiment in Britain, fed by the Queen's seclusion, was boosted after the establishment of the Third French Republic. On the last day of Februarytwo days after the thanksgiving service, year-old Arthur O'Connor, a great-nephew of Irish MP Feargus O'Connorwaved an unloaded pistol at Victoria's open carriage just after she had arrived at Buckingham Palace.

Brown, who was attending the Queen, grabbed him and O'Connor was later sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment, [ ] and a birching. After the Indian Rebellion ofthe British East India Companywhich had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire.

The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides. In the general electionDisraeli was returned to power. He passed the Public Worship Regulation Actwhich removed Catholic rituals from the Anglican liturgy and which Victoria strongly supported. On 14 Decemberthe anniversary of Albert's death, Victoria's second daughter Alice, who had married Louis of Hessedied of diphtheria in Darmstadt.

Victoria noted the coincidence of the dates as "almost incredible and most mysterious". She felt "aged" by "the loss of my beloved child". Between April and Februaryshe threatened five times to abdicate while pressuring Disraeli to act against Russia during the Russo-Turkish Warbut her threats had no impact on the events or their conclusion with the Congress of Berlin.

On 2 MarchRoderick Macleana disgruntled queen victoria biography wikipedia english apparently offended by Victoria's refusal to accept one of his poems, [ ] shot at the Queen as her carriage left Windsor railway station. Gordon Chesney Wilson and another schoolboy from Eton College struck him with their umbrellas, until he was hustled away by a policeman.

On 17 MarchVictoria fell down some stairs at Windsor, which left her lame until July; she never fully recovered and was plagued with rheumatism thereafter. He was "the dearest of my dear sons", she lamented. Beatrice and Henry planned to marry, but Victoria opposed the match at first, wishing to keep Beatrice at home to act as her companion.

After a year, she was won around to the marriage by their promise to remain living with and attending her. Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in after his budget was defeated. She marked the fiftieth anniversary of her accession on 20 June with a banquet to which 50 kings and princes were invited. The following day, she participated in a procession and attended a thanksgiving service in Westminster Abbey.

He was soon promoted to " Munshi ": teaching her Urdu and acting as a clerk. Victoria's eldest daughter became empress consort of Germany inbut she was widowed a little over three months later, and Victoria's eldest grandchild became German Emperor as Wilhelm II. Victoria and Albert's hopes of a liberal Germany would go unfulfilled, as Wilhelm was a firm believer in autocracy.

Gladstone returned to power after the general election ; he was 82 years old. Salisbury remained prime minister for the remainder of Victoria's reign.

Queen victoria biography wikipedia english: Biography ; Queen Victoria

The Queen requested that any special celebrations be delayed untilto coincide with her Diamond Jubilee[ ] which was made a festival of the British Empire at the suggestion of the Colonial SecretaryJoseph Chamberlain. The Queen's Diamond Jubilee procession on 22 June followed a route six miles long through London and included troops from all over the empire.

The procession paused for an open-air service of thanksgiving held outside St Paul's Cathedral, throughout which Victoria sat in her open carriage, to avoid her having to climb the steps to enter the building. The celebration was marked by vast crowds of spectators and great outpourings of affection for the year-old Queen. Victoria regularly holidayed in mainland Europe.

Induring a stay in Biarritzshe became the first reigning monarch from Britain to visit Spain by briefly crossing the border. Instead, the Queen went to Ireland for the first time sincein part to acknowledge the contribution of Irish regiments to the South African war. In JulyVictoria's second son, Alfred "Affie"died. My poor darling Affie gone too", she wrote in her journal.

Following a custom she maintained throughout her widowhood, Victoria spent the Christmas of at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. Rheumatism in her legs had rendered her disabled, and her eyesight was clouded by cataracts. InVictoria had written instructions for her funeralwhich was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, [ 66 ] and white instead of black.

One of Albert's dressing gowns was placed by her side, with a plaster cast of his hand, while a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him, was placed in her left hand concealed from the view of the family by a carefully positioned bunch of flowers. With a reign of 63 years, seven months, and two days, Victoria was the longest-reigning British monarch and the longest-reigning queen regnant in world history, until her great-great-granddaughter Elizabeth II surpassed her on 9 September According to one of her biographers, Giles St Aubyn, Victoria wrote an average of 2, words a day during her adult life.

Beatrice transcribed and edited the diaries covering Victoria's accession onwards, and burned the originals in the process. In addition to Beatrice's edited copy, Lord Esher transcribed the volumes from to before Beatrice destroyed them. In her later years, Victoria was stout, dowdy, and about five feet 1. Through Victoria's reign, the gradual establishment of a modern constitutional monarchy in Britain continued.

Queen victoria biography wikipedia english: Victoria was born at Kensington

Reforms of the voting system increased the power of the House of Commons at the expense of the House of Lords and the monarch. The concept of the "family monarchy", with which the burgeoning middle classes could identify, was solidified. Victoria's links with Europe's royal families earned her the nickname "the grandmother of Europe". Victoria's youngest son, Leopold, was affected by the blood-clotting disease haemophilia B and at least two of her five daughters, Alice and Beatrice, were carriers.

As Sovereign, Victoria used the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom. As she could not succeed to the throne of Hanover, her arms did not carry the Hanoverian symbols that were used by her immediate predecessors. Her arms have been borne by all of her successors on the throne. Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read View source View history.

Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikiquote Wikisource Wikidata item. Queen of the United Kingdom from to For other people, see Victoria of the United Kingdom disambiguation and Queen Victoria disambiguation. For other uses, see Victoria disambiguation. Portrait by Alexander Bassano Royal Mausoleum, FrogmoreWindsor.

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Victoria as a child with her mother, after William Beechey. Portrait by Stephen Poyntz Denning Accession and early reign. Wikisource has original text related to this article: Proclamation by the Queen in Council, to the princes, chiefs, and people of India. Golden and Diamond Jubilees. Declining health and death.

Main article: Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria. See also: Cultural depictions of Queen Victoria. Descendants and haemophilia. Titles, styles, honours, and arms. Ancestors of Queen Victoria [ ] 8. Frederick, Prince of Wales 4. Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha 2. Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg 5.

Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Princess Elisabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen 1. Wattel Stuttgart: Guttenberg. Munich: Landesamt. Hannover: Berenberg. Le Perreux, France: Alain Giraud. Sources [ edit ]. Further reading [ edit ]. External links [ edit ]. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Albert, Prince Consort. House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Cadet branch of the House of Wettin. Philip Philpot. Sir Arthur Benjamin Clifton. George Ludlow, 3rd Earl Ludlow. Prince George, Duke of Cambridge. Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton. Francis Seymour-Conway, 3rd Marquess of Hertford. Hugh Percy, 3rd Duke of Northumberland. William Cavendish, 7th Duke of Devonshire.

Prince Augustus Frederick, Duke of Sussex. Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Victoria Regina I and Albert The Marriage of Queen Victoria. EnglishScottish and British royal consorts. Royal consorts in England and Scotland after the Union of the Crowns from British royal consorts after the Acts of Union Princes of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.

The generations are numbered from the union of Saxe-Coburg and Saxe-Saalfeld in Ernest Frederick Prince Josias. Princes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. King Carlos I Infante Afonso. Prince Rainer Prince Philipp. Tsar Simeon II. Prince Andreas. Prince Johannes Heinrich. Prince Kardam Prince Kyril. King Philippe I Prince Laurent.

Queen victoria biography wikipedia english: Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria;

Prince Hubertus. Prince Johannes. Prince Boris. Prince Gabriel Prince Emmanuel. British princes. The generations indicate descent from George Iwho formalised the use of the titles prince and princess for members of the British royal family. King George II. Princes whose titles were removed and eligible people who do not use the title are shown in italics.

Chancellors of the University of Cambridge. Great Masters of the Order of the Bath. Authority control databases. Toggle the table of contents. Prince Consort. Victoria, Princess Royal. Princess Alice. Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Princess Helena. Princess Louise. Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn. Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany.

Queen victoria biography wikipedia english: Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; – 22 January

Princess Beatrice. Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf. Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg. Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen. Duchess Louise Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Vacant Title last held by Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen as queen consort. Prince consort of the United Kingdom created " Prince Consort " — Vacant Title next held by Alexandra of Denmark as queen consort.

Preceded by Philip Philpot. The match was arranged to strengthen ties between British and European royalty. The marriage was based on mutual respect and affection. Albert was a devoted partner, providing Victoria with counsel and support throughout her reign. Together, they worked on various projects, including reforms in education and the arts.

Their relationship was characterized by a deep emotional bond, and they supported each other through personal and political challenges. Victoria and Albert had nine children, whose marriages connected many European royal families. Their children were:. Her marriage established strong ties between Britain and Germany. His reign marked the beginning of the Edwardian Era and was characterized by significant social and political changes.

Her marriage linked British royalty with the German states. Alfred had a career in the Royal Navy. Helena was known for her charitable work and support of various social causes. Louise was involved in various social and charitable activities. His military career and public service were notable aspects of his life. Leopold : He became the Duke of Albany and suffered from hemophilia.

His early death was a great sorrow for Victoria. Beatrice : She married Prince Henry of Battenberg and devoted much of her life to caring for her mother and supporting various charitable endeavors. Victoria ascended to the throne on June 20,at the age of 18, following the death of her uncle, King William IV. Her reign, known as the Victorian Eralasted for over 63 years, making it one of the longest in British history.

The era was marked by significant changes and advancements in Britain, including the Industrial Revolutionwhich brought about technological innovations, economic growth, and urbanization. The period was also characterized by social and political reforms, such as improvements in public health, education, and labor laws. Her reign was a period of significant progress and transformation in Britain.

Victoria is remembered for her strong leadership, her role in shaping modern Britain, and her impact on the British monarchy. Her descendants continue to play prominent roles in European royalty, cementing her place in history as a key figure in shaping the modern world. Contents move to sidebar hide. Page Talk.